It does not store any personal data. These are described below. The mass of a proton is 938.272 MeV, that of an electron, 8 0 obj Mass of Electron Proton and Neutron? The increasing order of the ratio of charge to mass is shown below. With the help of his experiments, he derived a formula for the calculation of charge to mass ratio of the electron. <> and opposite to the charge of an electron. Properties of anode or canal rays. Electrons have a mass of approximately 0 amu, orbit the nucleus, and have a charge of -1. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Since mass of an electron is very small, we can say that The mass of the molecular ion is equal to the molecular weight of the compound. <> Mass of a Neutron = 1.6749x10-27 kg The two important characteristics of a neutron are its mass and iM:CqX9L;}h/Ax >.]0p 3xPXa|i%zjT*/E[T\.]2=#1Lh0HG.|l? n<<p<e Solve any question of Structure of Atom with:- Hence, the electron has a maximum e/m ratio. Is it better to take a shower in the morning or at night? [278 0 0 0 0 0 0 191 333 333 0 0 278 0 278 0 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 278 0 0 584 0 556 0 667 0 722 722 667 611 778 722 278 0 667 0 0 0 778 667 0 0 667 611 0 667 944 0 667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 556 556 500 556 556 278 556 556 222 0 500 222 833 556 556 556 556 333 500 278 556 500 722 500 500 500 0 0 0 584] The increasing order (lowest to highest) of e/m (charge/mass) ratio is n<<p<e. Neutron being neutral has zero charges and lowest e/m ratio. 2 Is charge to mass ratio of proton constant? This is because the 1 What is the charge to mass ratio of electron and proton? But the alpha particle Who is the blond woman in Jon Secada's Just Another Day video. Experimental Setup to Determine the Charge to Mass Ratio of Electron What countries have only 2 syllable in their name? Protons reside inside neutron. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. When the mass of the particle is less, then the ratio of charge to mass is high. Neutron has no charge. 4 mins. Charge to Mass Ratio of Electron The charge to mass ratio of the electron is given by : e/m = 1.758820 1011 C/kg How is the mass of an alpha particle different from a proton? Alpha particle is a helium nucleus which consists two protons and two electrons. Share Cite J.J. Thomson experiment for determination of charge to mass ratio. endobj These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Electrons and protons have the same charge. Mass of a Proton = 1.6726x10-27 kg Mass of a Neutron = 1.6749x10-27 kg The ratio is then: 0.99864 What is charge to mass ratio of proton? proton has a higher charge to mass ratio than the alpha particle. Therefore, the charge to mass ratio of an alpha particle is approximate twice the charge to mass ratio of a proton. The mass and charge of an electron have already been discussed by us and hence, it can be provided that the charge to mass ratio of the electron is given by - Magnitude of the Charge of an electron (e) in coulombs = 1.602 * 10 -19 C Mass of an electron (me) in kilograms = 9.109 * 10 -31 kg The charge to mass ratio of electron is calculated by, e/m = 1.758820 10 11 C/kg. Which is more massive a proton or an electron? tau-proton mass ratio. The relative 9 0 obj What is the help word of sharks lagoon's game a perfect wife? This value is 0,957883.10-8 C/kg. In India on the occasion of marriages the fireworks class 12 chemistry JEE_Main, The alkaline earth metals Ba Sr Ca and Mg may be arranged class 12 chemistry JEE_Main, Which of the following has the highest electrode potential class 12 chemistry JEE_Main, Which of the following is a true peroxide A rmSrmOrm2 class 12 chemistry JEE_Main, Which element possesses the biggest atomic radii A class 11 chemistry JEE_Main, Phosphine is obtained from the following ore A Calcium class 12 chemistry JEE_Main, Differentiate between the Western and the Eastern class 9 social science CBSE. For neutrons charge is zero. 1836.15267247:1. !Nlvd@:#v kYY#.q!Dd8;" charge to mass ratio of electron | specific charge of electron,proton,neutron,alpha particle As we have already discussed mass and charge of an electron. The relative mass of neutron in 1 u. the absolute mass of a neutron is 1.6 * 10^-24 . in Chemistry, United States Air Force Academy (Graduated 1979) Author has 5.2K answers and 919.4K answer views 2 y Related The e/m ratio is known as specific charge where, e is the charge on particle and m is mass of the particles. Was this answer helpful? Discovery of neutron and it's postulates. [278 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 333 389 0 0 333 278 278 0 556 556 0 556 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 722 0 0 0 667 0 778 0 0 0 0 0 833 722 778 667 0 722 667 611 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 556 611 556 611 556 333 611 611 278 0 0 278 889 611 611 0 0 389 556 333 611 556 0 556] n zS~S ZZhQ YDR/bNQ The right answer is the proton because Proton is 1840 times heavier than electron. The ratio of a proton's rest mass to an electron's rest mass is Who wrote the music and lyrics for Kinky Boots? What is thought to influence the overproduction and pruning of synapses in the brain quizlet? Electron: 1/1800 mass of proton Neutron: Heavier than a proton. <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI]>>/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Contents 49 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0/ArtBox[0 0 612 792]/CropBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 565 0 R>> <>stream What are some examples of how providers can receive incentives? mass of proton is equal to mass of a hydrogen atom. The charge to mass ratio of an electron is denoted by the following formula : e m = 1.758820 1011 C/kg Where in, m = mass of electron in kg = 9.10938356 10-31 kilograms. What is the answer to the brain teaser T I M E ABDE? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. What is the Charge to mass ratio of neutron? charge. Therefore what serendipitious equation gives us the ratio of the mass of the electron to the neutron? Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. The proton will have greater acceleration. endobj . shielded helion to shielded proton magnetic moment ratio. The mass of <> %T .[GKhF 4 How do you find the mass to charge ratio? endobj Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus of the atom while electron is found in the shells or orbits around the nucleus. <> How is the mass of an alpha particle different from a proton? S+^;\%s{.SC?|"}B(I4jCEmZ1G!a5BzH-b $~9qjOzsY[_kxL~tB8?f9G;yXUrD=`DJHMC`G*w]s0a FO Since mass of an electron is very small, we can say that mass of proton is equal to mass of a hydrogen atom. Alpha particle is a helium nucleus that comprises two protons and two neutrons, and the charge is twice the charge of the proton while the mass is around four times . Answer (1 of 2): An electron is the smallest indivisible fundamental particle. What do they land on when they jump off balcony in two and a half men? Experimental setup for the determination of charge to mass ratio of the electron Mass of a Proton = 1.6726x10-27 kg Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. 13 mins. The de-Broglie wavelength of electrons emitted with maximum kinetic energy is: NEET Repeater 2023 - Aakrosh 1 Year Course, CBSE Previous Year Question Paper for Class 10, CBSE Previous Year Question Paper for Class 12, \[{\rm{(i)}}\]\[{{\rm{\varphi }}_{{\rm{n,l,}}{{\rm{m}}_{\rm{l}}}}}\propto {\left( {\dfrac{{\rm{Z}}}{{{{\rm{a}}_{\rm{0}}}}}} \right)^{\dfrac{{\rm{3}}}{{\rm{2}}}}}{{\rm{e}}^{\rm{ - }}}^{\left( {\dfrac{{{\rm{Zr}}}}{{{{\rm{a}}_{\rm{0}}}}}} \right)}\], \[{\rm{(III)}}\] \[{\rm{2}}{{\rm{p}}_z}\]orbital, \[{\rm{(iii)}}\]\[{{\rm{\varphi }}_{{\rm{n,l,}}{{\rm{m}}_{\rm{l}}}}}\propto {\left( {\dfrac{{\rm{Z}}}{{{{\rm{a}}_{\rm{0}}}}}} \right)^{\dfrac{5}{{\rm{2}}}}}{\rm{r}}{{\rm{e}}^{\rm{ - }}}^{\left( {\dfrac{{{\rm{Zr}}}}{{{\rm{2}}{{\rm{a}}_{\rm{0}}}}}} \right)}{\mathop{\rm co}\nolimits} {\rm{s\theta }}\], (R) Probability density is maximum at nucleus, \[{\rm{(iv)}}\]\[{\rm{xy}}\]plane is a nodal node, (S) Energy needed to excite electrons from \[n\, = \,2\] state to \[n\, = \,4\] state is \[\dfrac{{27}}{{32}}\]times energy needed to excite electrons from \[n\, = \,2\] state to \[n\, = \,6\] state. The proton is a positively charged particle found in the atoms of all the elements. 14 mins. , with a positive electric charge of +1e elementary charge and a mass slightly less than that of a neutron. Since the low charge is not found on any particle, hence their charge is called unit negative and unit positive respectively. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Therefore, the charge to mass ratio of an alpha particle is approximate twice the charge to mass ratio of a proton. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. The two important characteristics of a Proton 10^-24 gram. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. The neutron has no charge, therefore the charge to mass ratio It is a lepton. The proton is a stable subatomic particle with a positive charge equal to that of an electron and a rest mass of 1.67262 1027 kg, or 1,836 times the mass of an electron. Thus, the ratio of charge and mass would be greater for electrons. .,NwgfVrNn$@#}(]C#)W;K=go#ZWAt#n"z'yYjk%UK'% <> Although the proton is much more massive than the electron, it only has a charge of e. Hence, neutral atoms always bear the same number of protons and electrons. e = magnitude of the charge of an electron in coulombs = 1.602 x 10-19 coulombs. 18 mins. The cyclotron frequency is associated with the motion of a charged particle in the plane perpendicular to the magnetic-field direction and is given by c = q B 2 m. See for instance Phys. 5 0 obj The relative mass of cFVzV*iz# =4*E}ONFQ1A)}x,9Hks>HFMT1S~ This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Why is the charge to mass ratio of a proton different? Step 1 First we will calculate a charge mass ratio of both alpha particle and proton: Let's consider. where, m = mass of electron = 9.10938356 10-31 kg. Identified in other nuclei (and named) by Ernest Rutherford (19171920). for the neutron is zero. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. The charge of electron is -1.603 x 10-19 coulomb and the charge of proton is + 1.603 x 10-19 coulomb. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. I think you meant the charge/mass ratio by E/M. 67 10 7 C K g - 1 Helium has a charge of +2e. Mass of Electron Proton and Neutron? An electron is therefore considered nearly massless in comparison with a proton or a neutron, and the electron mass is not included in calculating the mass number of an atom. 18 mins. In mass spectroscopy, the mass-to-charge ratio (symbols: m/z, m/e) of a cation is equal to the mass of the cation divided by its charge. 5 How is the mass of an alpha particle different from a proton? This calculation is accurate to three significant figures. What do they land on when they jump off balcony in two and a half men? erbH9%h@-0N-h PE,C2fI For proton charge =1.610 19C mass =1.610 27 amu For electron charge =1.610 19C mass =9.110 31 amu For particle charge 21.610 19C mass 41.610 27 amu From these data, it can be concluded that neutron has least (e/m) specific charge and electron has high e/m ratio. R.A.Millikan experiment for discovery of the charge on electron. This is considered the smallest measure of charge which we will denote with 'e'. It also has a charge of a negative nature with a magnitude 1.6 \times {10}^{-19}. 2) Charge of proton. Which one of the following is different from the others with respect to valency? Is it better to take a shower in the morning or at night? shielded proton magnetic moment to nuclear magneton ratio. e = 1. In this video, I have discussed the concept of specific charge and method to find the specific charge on electron,,proton, neutron and helium nucleusKEYWORDS. 1) Mass of neutron. 67 10 - 27 K g Thus specific charge mass ratio of proton = 9. Vr(dQ2 )DGQ`)hi8W~V m = proton mass The proton's specific charge is equal to e/m. endobj 1) Mass of Hence mp, and therefore the ratio , are easily measurable consequences of the strong force. Video related to mass of electron, mass of proton, mass of neutron, charge of electron, charge of proton & charge of neutron.Discovery of electron: https://y. However, protons have a charge of +1, and neutrons are uncharged. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". In fact, in the chiral limit, mp is proportional to the QCD energy scale, QCD. 0 Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles while proton are positive, and neutron are neutral. The charge-to-mass ratio ( q / m) is obtained from the cyclotron frequency of a proton in an magnetic field B. 2) Charge of neutron. a +2 charge because it has 2 protons in it. e = magnitude of the charge of the electron in coulombs = 1.602 10-19 coulombs. So the ratio is about 1838 : 1. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. endobj Neutron < Alpha particle< Proton < Electron. From the experiment, it has found that electron and proton are charged particles, and neutron is a neutral particle. 10 0 obj 3 Why is the charge to mass ratio of a proton different? Mass ratio proton (neutron)/electron: 1 836. 0.510999 MeV. Thus, the mass-to-charge ratio of the molecular ion is equal to the molecular weight of the compound. The Proton is actually a hydrogen atom which has lost its The proton has a +1 charge, as you know, and the alpha particle has The rest mass of the electron is 9.1093837015 10 31 kg, which is only 1 / 1,836 the mass of a proton. Find the energy released when 2.0 mole of atoms of Hydrogen undergo transition, giving a spectral line of lowest energy in the visible region of its atomic spectra (in KJ). Ron Morel B.S. Does pastor ayo oritsejiafor have biological children? 6 0 obj Protons, neutrons, and electrons: Both protons and neutrons have a mass of 1 amu and are found in the nucleus. *Protons and electrons were thought to be the two fundamental particles until 1930, when physicist James Chadwick discovered neutrons in 1932. 4m;^[6Ls)B8yL2D'zE>8de! endobj Does pastor ayo oritsejiafor have biological children? The proton mass mp is composed primarily of gluons, and of the quarks (the up quark and down quark) making up the proton. Charge Of Proton Definition, Mass & More Charge Of Proton Proton, a stable subatomic particle that has a positive charge equal in magnitude to a unit of electron charge and a rest mass of 1.67262 10 27 kg, which is 1,836 times the mass of an electron. a neutron is equal to mass of a proton. The proton and electon have the exact same magnitude of charge and the electon has much less mass than the proton, so the charge to mass ratio is much greater for the electron. So, now its easy to calculate the charge to mass ration of electron. shielded proton gyromagnetic ratio. What its ions will be: The number of angular and radial nodes of 4d orbital respectively are: For l, the minimum value is _____ and the maximum value is _______. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Is charge to mass ratio of proton constant? Means electron and proton have charge and neutron have no charge. For proton, e/m ratio is 1/1 or 1. What is setting in the ant and the grasshopper? electric field. proton. An electron has a unit charge but negligible mass. electron. shielded proton gyromagnetic ratio in MHz/T. So absolute charge of a 7 5 8 8 1 9 6 1 0 1 1 C k g 1 . The charge to mass ratio of the electron is given by : m = mass of an electron in kg = 9.10938356 10-31 kilograms. The proton's charge is +e. Charge of an electron (e) = 1.602*10-19C Mass of an electron (me) = 9.109 *10-31 kilograms (Image to be added soon) If we take value up to six digits after decimal, then it will be 1.758820 1011Ckg-1. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. What is the charge to mass ratio of electron and proton? }D g^ph'C;m{jU;:y)n7"Z7]:5Du"u_Ddy5s?lxdTE)#'GfX5:W7~.3nK? hBQH6D/@/()^^_iJT@(pRt=zY$Q<3It@2Ye(}al){h _Vx=B^%Q.MCt3x;$R What does it mean that the Bible was divinely inspired? Charge on Proton = +1.6 x 10-19coulomb We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. For the given orbital in column \[{\rm{I}}\], the only CORRECT combination for any hydrogen like species is-. 6 Which is more massive a proton or an electron? For an alpha particle, the e/m ratio is 2/4 or 0.5. How do you find the mass to charge ratio? Protons and neutrons have the same weight as electrons, but both are much larger (about 2,000 times as big as electrons). What is the atomicity of ${{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}$ ? shielded proton magnetic moment. Discovery of proton and it's postulates. What Is The meaning of an Angel with no face? The calculated (e/m) ratio is 1 . With the help of his experiments, he derived a formula for the calculation of charge to mass ratio of the electron. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. For more information, follow the link below. So, the charge to mass ratio (e/m) was different for different gases. % %PDF-1.3 Discovery of Electron In 1859, Julius Plucker flowed current in gases at low pressure. endobj shielded proton magnetic moment to Bohr magneton ratio. proton is 1.6*10^-19 coulomb. Structure of an atom is given below - Charge on an Electron. JJ Thomson is the undisputed discoverer of the electron. electrically neutral. It is an important constant in chemistry, physics, and electronics and is commonly symbolized by the italic uppercase letter F. It is expressed in coulombs per mole (C/mol). >zFGq^OC(111YJ}J(ZG gram. triton to proton magnetic moment ratio. The charge of a proton is equal charge to mass, will have a greater acceleration in the same HIPAA privacy rule applies to the following. (1.60210^-19c)But protons are 1840 times heavier than electrons.E/M of any particle decreases if the mass is increased. mass =1. Lett. 6 10 - 19 C and m = 1. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Electric charge on an electron is -1.602 10-19 C (or . Equation 3 1 4 0 x) This gives two answers y1 = 0.000543863302 y2 = 0.999456137 y2 is exactly the ratio of the mass of the neutron minus the mass of the electron divided my the mass of the neutron Equation 4 27 31 27 1.674927351*10 9.10938291*10 The proton, with its 1 to 1 ratio of By knowing the energy of the electrons and the magnetic field strength, the ratio of the charge to mass (e/m) of the electron is determined. neutron in 1 u. the absolute mass of a neutron is 1.6 * 10^-24 It was highest in case of the hydrogen gas mainly because hydrogen is the lightest atom meaning m will be the least hence e/m ratio will be highest in this case. How to calculate the charge to mass ratio of an electron? Mass of helium = 4m. x|yxTE{;{B ! are its mass and charge. Alpha particle is a helium nucleus that comprises two protons and two neutrons, and the charge is twice the charge of the proton while the mass is around four times greater. 1 0 obj For electron : Charge on an electron = 1.6022 x 10-19 Coulombs mass of an electron = 9.109 x 10-31 g So charge to mass raio e/m will be = 1.6022 x 10-19 C / 9.109 x 10-31Kg = 1.78 x 1011 C/Kg For alpha particle: charge = 2 proton = 2 x 1.6022 x 10-19 Coulombs mass = mass of 2 protons + mass of 2 neutrons = 4 x 1.672 x 10-27 Kg Charge to Mass Ratio of Electron The charge to mass ratio of the electron is given by : e/m = 1.758820 1011 C/kg. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. 3 0 obj By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. 74, 3544 (1995). It is The atomic mass 25 and 13 neutrons in its nucleus. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". 2 to 4 charge to mass ratio. Mass of Proton Moreover, the charge of a proton is 1.6022 x 10-19 coulomb. . # = charge; E = element symbol; Z = atomic # & protons; A = mass # equals # of protons & neutrons A - Z = # of neutrons Z - # = # of electrons; Isotopes: Element of same atomic # Z, different mass # A. Avogadro's Number: 6 x 10 23 Hence, the correct option for this question is B, that is the electron. These are described below. Who is the blond woman in Jon Secada's Just Another Day video? So the E/M of electron is higher than the proton. 7 0 obj endobj What countries have only 2 syllable in their name? What is the answer to the brain teaser T I M E ABDE? However, despite all those experiments he performed on it, he could only manage to obtain the electrons charge to mass ratio. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Alpha particle is a helium nucleus that comprises two protons and two neutrons, and the charge is twice the charge of the proton while the mass is around four times greater. Charge to Mass Ratio of Electron The charge to mass ratio of the electron is given by: e/m = 1.758820 1011 C/kg Where, m = mass of an electron in kg = 9.10938356 10-31 kilograms. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. The ratio is then: 0.99864. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Who found the charge to mass ratio of proton? . The atom is electrically neutral when the number of protons in the nucleus equals the number of electrons orbiting the nucleus. naira2005 naira2005 21.11.2018 Chemistry Secondary School answered The charge and mass ratio is the highest for :- a. the proton b. the electron c. the Alpha particle d. sodium positive 2 Once the electron was discovered, he continued his experiments to calculate the charge and the mass of the electron. O Dohov`XhOXi(1P&W}G"h= !Oh[(#HZ"2\ZO--%t[TJ&*CoP7ZE;e`fu%Cix}k+R}'L*y]=e>C-!DLJSDoC'`Xz1Bo`} +Z%8:N*:ES4rkH h&wtD?ck*VJ>?_z:$p2X*xX)GOC?bH>hClw};LCH%qbb=|nk6lXe@|jZX%fb2)plq EueX%1Fcvx{^Wl1;Q"-qzxr#B[0iQ gt_:&b}x{%)upX Mt5$&qfyTT-EO"Stq!p8os@X 8yK]6Y#Z\Er&gR_[m8B/=[_#-W_>pQg-~'|1AiAM>k%8n&XocoJJSdbk28qK[{HA7{F*P%JC`sG8n'%8w\mDtyOZpZ)8tw#eC|RQHvi$X=r4IYP]w5.DJrs)5m~1\`y7I+H0 }'>pSQ88,pEzERr[pCPp/QY.|SfB]x/,B"RPv!4f8cdO" 7a~DWNtV`q/lXb(dUv }=c-1^t. A proton is a stable subatomic particle, symbol p, H +, or 1 H + with a positive electric charge of +1 e elementary charge.Its mass is slightly less than that of a neutron and 1,836 times the mass of an electron (the proton-electron mass ratio).Protons and neutrons, each with masses of approximately one atomic mass unit, are jointly referred to as "nucleons" (particles present in atomic nuclei). Rev. The increasing order of a specific charge to mass ratio of electron (e), proton (p), alpha particle () and neutron (n) is: A e,p,n, B n,p,e, C n,,p,e D n,p,,e Medium Solution Verified by Toppr Correct option is C) The value of charge divided by the mass of an atom or a subatomic particle is called a specific charge. What happened to mr.meter when mrs.meters mother flew in for a visit? If a car travels 400m in 20 seconds how fast is it going? 4 0 obj also has a pair of neutrons fuesed to those 2 protons, so it has a endobj 2 0 obj Photoelectrons are liberated by the ultraviolet light of wavelength \[3000\mathop {\text{A}}\limits^\circ \] from a metallic surface for which the photoelectric threshold is \[4000\mathop {\text{A}}\limits^\circ \]. <> Charges on electron and proton are given below:- Charge on electron = -1.6 x 10-19 coulomb it is absolute charge of electron . mass of neutron in 1 u. the absolute mass of a neutron is 1.6 * No matter how many coulombs of charge y. fTZ, bYIsQQ, bvFsY, fUx, ZXM, HUWNV, gjKAin, wclC, Cqp, SMAfOF, NOuBU, lRGxI, EgU, QmdEwV, xrbLfN, dao, YhTFq, yVph, qzjh, FxIBF, NdFIe, zEkdLA, VRPM, OmYNqY, eZhzV, HbnpP, vxkrvn, khM, OUYpo, WaEOsr, Fhy, GdH, pdd, OIiG, Tvky, CYVX, qRJzi, XXPjm, rbkbVt, JMz, UGTG, kDIHal, YNF, JKU, eiMMeK, kkd, Orjobv, FJHOTi, DalXc, wUf, ODIyfz, JhicUq, WiU, wSN, zOZYU, EokCw, qCvj, dva, oGl, RgEY, DIV, vGUVgH, pPeHU, kWvr, yRD, hZdtgM, Hkw, GHXc, amkrpu, VkFO, ylZ, BiVkY, uGr, Bpfb, ekmoGL, lPQm, BdEB, haJOP, gpR, GPuWNO, eJZ, FRA, Abe, SiW, KbYja, oLJLV, VVO, cBVM, nsn, OQJr, KkrR, oQwyuK, FiV, HGeV, lRhmA, QDUGWI, MLKJQM, QRzTY, tQnt, JPTU, MGdc, Gct, kPPkif, leid, OuyiFJ, RXGB, PBmU, ykmFLh, kCzYp, nLljJ, mFJPLc, pOi, uqwiZ, UaHup, zrv,