There are no specific prerequisites for this document. Once you configure your Cisco switch, you can start managing your Cisco switch and maintain its versatility, power and performance. The Rx-No-Pkt-Buff counter can increase on ports when it has blades, such as WS-X4448-GB-RJ45, WS-X4548-GB-RJ45, and WS-X4548-GB-RJ45V. Configure physical interfaces that connect the clients to the corresponding VLAN. Also, dependent upon the hardware and software, some switch platforms increment port and interface error counters as a result. This is usually seen in half-duplex environments where the carrier is already in use when it tries to transmit a frame. If the FCS, CRC, alignment, or runt counters increment, check for a duplex mismatch. In this scenario you have a Layer 3 FastEthernet port. The CDP packets are no longer recognized, and they are dropped. Note: Use this Recover Errdisable Port State on Cisco IOS Platformsfor more information on errdisable status on switches that run Cisco IOS. The number of times the carrier was lost in transmission. The first up refers to the physical layer status of the interface. Check the IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, dynamic routing protocol configuration, static routes, and so on. Issue the show interfaces module interface trunk command in order to see the native VLAN, encapsulation, and trunking VLAN information. Note: To configure the DHCP server on a per vlan basis, define different DHCP pools for every VLAN that serves DHCP addresses to your clients. enable secret somestrongpass Figure 2 shows a router connected to a switch with the FastEthernet 0/0 interface connected to a trunk port on a switch. Configuration Tasks Perform the following tasks to configure this network scenario: Configure DHCP If you use theshow interfacescommand without thestatusoption, you see a setup for speed and duplex, but you do not know whether this speed and duplex was achieved through auto-negotiation or not. This section shows an example of how to isolate the communication between a newly created Layer 3 VLAN and an older VLAN. WebThis example helps you to configure DHCPv6 Stateful on your Cisco IOS Router. The next step to troubleshoot is to review Troubleshooting Cisco Catalyst Switches to NIC Compatibility Issuesand rule out any software issues with the Catalyst switch or NIC that contribute to the problem. An excessively loaded network can be caused by too many devices on a shared Ethernet. SWITCH# conf t SWITCH(config)# interface fastethernet 0/1 SWITCH(config-if)# switchport mode access SWITCH(config-if)# switchport access vlan A cable can be just good enough to connect at the physical layer, but it corrupts packets as a result of subtle damage to the wiring or connectors. The source IP address is 0.0.0.0 since the client does not have a configured IP address. In this article, we will configure PortFast on Switches in a redundant network using Packet Tracer. The subnet mask and default gateway are specified in the options field, subnet mask and router options, respectively. When a frame is received which contains an 802.1Q tag the frame is filtered and this statistic is incremented. Then we need to add Default Routes to configure the router: hostname switch Cisco Systems introduced the Nexus Series of switches on January 28, 2008. For Cisco Catalyst Switches that run Cisco IOS software, the VLAN information is on a separate file named vlan.dat . Some DHCP clients can only accept an all-ones broadcast and are not able to acquire a DHCP address unless this command is configured on the router interface connected to the client. If collisions increase dramatically, this points to a highly utilized link or possibly a duplex mismatch with the attached device. VTP version 2 is disabled by default. Share. This can also occur if a switch is connected to port 0/1 and starts to flood packets to all of its ports to learn MAC addresses. The next table illustrates the process for a DHCP client to obtain an IP address from a DHCP server. Note: Refer toUsing Portfast and Other Commands to Fix Workstation Startup Connectivity Delaysfor more information how to fix startup delays. The error message is received when the traffic level reaches about 2.5 Mb. Switch(config)# ip default-gateway IP-address Other input-related errors can also cause the input errors count to be increased, and some datagrams can have more than one error. In this situation, your bandwidth is used by the same frames over and over again, which leaves little room for legitimate traffic. The example shows the log messages that result from a duplex mismatch between two Catalyst 6000 series switches: one that runs CatOS, and the other that runs Cisco IOS. This is how to configure VLAN on Cisco Switch or Virtual LAN on Cisco Switches in your network. Fa = FastEthernet or 100 Mbps. Switch(config-if)#end; Configure the Cisco I will certainly digg it and personally recommend to my friends. In order to see POST results per module, use theshow diagnostics module
command. Switch(config)#, Step 2: Provide a hostname for the switch to function in a particular network environment, Switch(config)#hostname switch Complete these steps in order to create extended VLANs on the Catalyst 6500 Series Switches that run Cisco IOS: Enter the spanning-tree extend system-id command in configuration mode: Enter the vtp mode transparent command in configuration mode: This section provides tips to troubleshoot common problems that you can encounter during the creation of VLANs on Catalyst switches that run Cisco IOS Software. This table shows the most common commands used to troubleshoot the port or interface problems on switches that run Cisco IOS System Software on the Supervisor. Refer toConfiguring Jumbo/Giant Frame Support on Catalyst Switchesfor more information on system requirements, configureand troubleshootfor jumbo and baby giant issues. Domain Name Space. First, change the switch name with hostname command. When the Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) feature is enabled on an interface, a Cisco router can drop Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and BOOTstrap Protocol (BOOTP) packets that have source addresses of 0.0.0.0 and destination addresses of 255.255.255.255. Gigabit Ethernet (1000 Base-X) uses 8B/10B Encoding to translate 8bit data from the MAC sublayer(layer 2) to a 10bit Symbol to send over the wire. Configure Switch Ports at the Physical Layer (2.1.2.2) Just as a network card in a PC can have specific conditions such as duplex and speed set, so too can a switch port. Always ground the cables (especially in new cable runs) to a suitable and safe earth ground before you connect them to the module. Some workstations simply cannot wait this long to find their server and then they give up. In the event that the DHCP server is not on the local subnet, the DHCP server sends the DHCPOFFER, as a unicast packet, on UDP port 67, back to the DHCP/BootP Relay Agent from which the DHCPDISCOVER came. Dispersion-shifted single-mode fiber-optic cable. (adsbygoogle=window.adsbygoogle||[]).push({}); How to Reset Lost Password of Kali Linux? For example, with the WS-X4448-GB-RJ45 10/100/1000 switching module, you can connect ports from different groups, such as ports 4, 12, 20, or 30 (in any order), before you connect ports from the same group, such as ports 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8. Every port on a Layer 3 switch configured to be a L2 switchport must also belong to a VLAN. After you issue the command, re-boot the switch or else the output of theshow interface status modulecommand shows the uplink port as inactive. You can receive this message when you try to create Extended VLANs in Server or Client mode of VTP. Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) loops can cause serious performance issues that masquerade as port or interface problems. You can also use thespanning-tree portfastcommand per interface, but this requires that you turn off trunking and etherchannel separately to help fix workstation startup delays. Usually this means there was no packet transfer relative to that entity. This is because the switch does not know that the connected device is a PC; the switch only knows that the port has changed the state. Collisions in a half-duplex environment are normal expected behavior. The purpose of SPD is to ensure that important control packets, such as routing updates and keepalives, are not dropped when the IP input queue is full. Although the values of the counters are largely accurate, they are not very precise by design. These frames are dropped and not propagated onto other ports. Whereas, in passive mode, the port just waits for remote switch port to initiate LACP negotiation. End with CNTL/Z. In addition, these packets are not reported in the appropriate category (unicast, multicast, or broadcast) in receive statistics. On switches that run Cisco IOS Software, you can use the switch itself for interVLAN routing, instead of an external router. When DHCP servers receive a DHCPINFORM message construct a DHCPACK message with any local configuration parameters appropriate for the client without a new IP address. Decode Sniffer Trace of DHCP Client and Server Separated by Router Configured as a DHCP Relay Agent, Configuring the Catalyst Switched Port Analyzer (SPAN) Configuration Example, Verify Router Receives DHCP Request and Forwards Request to DHCP Server with debug Commands. The WS-X4448-GB-RJ45, WS-X4548-GB-RJ45, and WS-X4548-GB-RJ45V switching modules have 48 oversubscribed ports in six groups of eight ports each: The eight ports within each group use common circuitry that effectively multiplexes the group into a single, non-block, full-duplex Gigabit Ethernet connection to the internal switch fabric. The client can receive multiple DHCPOFFER messages, one from each DHCP server that received the original DHCPDISCOVER message. Additional steps are required to troubleshoot the DHCP/BootP Relay Agent, as well as the DHCP server and client. Ensure that the trunk ports on both of the connected devices have the same native VLAN. If theservice dhcpis not enabled, the clients do not receive the IP addresses from the DHCP server. The default VTP mode on the Catalyst 2900XL, 3500XL, 2950, 2970, and 2940 Switches is the server mode. No destination multicast are the number of multicast packets that the port did not forward to any other ports. Private VLANs provide Layer 2 isolation between ports within the same private VLAN (isolated VLAN) or between the private VLANs (community VLANs). Cisco recommends that you have knowledge of the information in this section. Five hundred and twelve bit-times corresponds to 51.2 microseconds on a 10 Mbit/s system. When DHCP snooping is enabled on a switch, it automatically enables option 82. If connected to a Catalyst switch, verify that both the DHCP client and server have physical connectivity. Complete these steps in order to create a VLAN. For more information about how to create VLANs and assign ports to VLANs, see the Configure the VLAN on Catalyst 2900XL, 3500XL, 2950, 2970, and 2940 Series Switches section of this document. Switch(config-if)#port monitor fastethernet 0/3 FastEthernet0/1 and FastEthernet0/3 are in different vlan. The client identifier is the MAC address of the device plus the media type. TECHNIG - Gateway for IT Experts and Tech Geeks. The increase in the output buffer failure counters can be a sign that the ports are run at an inferior speed and/or duplex, or there is too much traffic that goes through the port. By default on the Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series Switch, the Catalyst OS software images on the active and the standby Supervisor Engines must be the same. By default, Cisco IOS Software interfaces are Layer 2 interfaces on Catalyst 3550, 3750, and 4500 Series Switches. Common Causes:This is typically a physical issue (such as cabling, a bad port, or a bad Network Interface Card (NIC)) but can also indicate a duplex mismatch. Note: If the Deferred Counter error increments on a GigabitEthernet of a Supervisor 720, turn on speed negotiation on the interface as a workaround. Verify that each device supports 802.3z specification for Gigabit auto-negotiation. Course Contents. A VLAN is a switched network that is logically segmented by function, project team, or application, without regard to the physical locations of the users. Use best practices to create standardized naming conventions that describe VLAN purposes and locations (refer to Table 1). The new VLAN must appear in the output of the show vlan command. The default value of T2 is ( 7/8 x LT). Cisco Systems introduced the Nexus Series of switches on January 28, 2008. When you configure the DHCP relay on a router, verify that theip helper-addresscommand is located on the correct interface. For more information on how to configure DHCP and the commands associated with it, refer to theDHCP Configuration Task List. In Cisco Catalyst 6500/6000 Series Switches, it is const_nvram:. The two options are single mode fiber (SMF) or multimode fiber (MMF). Duplex and Speed To forward the BootP/DHCP request from the client to the DHCP server, theip helper-address interfacecommand is used. If the Rx is able to clear the Rx queue or reach low water mark within this interval, Tx sends out a special pause frame that mentions the interval as zero (0x0). Number of frames that took longer than two seconds to travel through the switch. Thank you very much. Giant frames or frames received that exceed the maximum IEEE 802.3 frame size (1518 bytes for non-jumbo Ethernet) and have a bad Frame Check Sequence (FCS). If your network is live, ensure that you understand the potential impact of any command. Click on the router1 then, Go to CLI commands, and enter commands to configure them given below. All rights reserved. These configuration changes resolve the most common DHCP client issues that occur with an initial installation of a Catalyst switch. In order to resolve this issue, create trunk ports instead of sub interfaces. On trunk ports, you can translate one VLAN number to another VLAN number, which transfers all traffic received in one VLAN to the other VLAN. In order to resolve this issue, disable the subscriber identification option (82) in the switches (relay agents) with the global configuration command,no ip dhcp relay information option. Does the port come up? It is counted with short traffic bursts flow when some packets fill this buffer. The vlan.dat file resides in non-volatile memory. In this case the new VLAN is VLAN. In a physical network environment, you can allocate users in a specific location to logical areas with VLANs. Webcom is the TLD for www.cisco.com as it is the label furthest to the right. Always set both sides of the connection to auto-negotiate speed/duplex or set the speed/duplex manually on both sides. Therefore, the switch supports only one active management Layer 3 address. The DHCP server is typically centrally located and operated by the network administrator. If the switch is in VTP Client mode, make modifications to the VLAN database at any VTP Server of the same domain. ), how to connect the different cables, and which cables are used by most Cisco switches and modules, refer to Catalyst Switch Cable Guide . Fast aging temporarily sets the CAM aging time to the number of seconds that the user specifies, and is used in conjunction with the Topology Change Notification (TCN) process. It allows the host to choose an IP address in the correct IP subnet. This increments the revision number and forces all VTP clients to update their VLAN database. 2. DHCP clients initially have no configured IP address and must therefore send a broadcast request to obtain an IP address from a DHCP server. If a static address has been set up on another port in the same VLAN, and no static address was set up for the receiving port, the packet is dropped. This is an indication that the internal send (Tx) buffer is full.Common Causes:A common cause of Xmit-Err can be traffic from a high bandwidth link that is switched to a lower bandwidth link, or traffic from multiple inbound links that are switched to a single outbound link. You must either enable or disable link negotiation on both ends of the link. GigabitEthernet interfaces can test all four pairs. Typically, the output drops can occur if QoS is configured and does not provideenough bandwidth to certain class of packets. Configure Switch Ports at the Physical Layer (2.1.2.2) Just as a network card in a PC can have specific conditions such as duplex and speed set, so too can a switch port. Subnetworks inherit network parameters and clients inherit subnetwork parameters. This is because the output queue on that interface is overwhelmed by the excess traffic due to the speed mismatch between the inbound and outbound bandwidths. The following diagram illustrates a sample of the Domain Name System hierarchy starting from the root ".". A unidirectional link is a link where traffic goes out one way, but no traffic is received in the ingress direction. Description: show interfaces and show interfaces counters errors.The number of times a collision is detected on a particular interface late in the transmission process. Virtual LANs/VLAN Trunking Protocol (VLANs/VTP), View with Adobe Reader on a variety of devices, View in various apps on iPhone, iPad, Android, Sony Reader, or Windows Phone, View on Kindle device or Kindle app on multiple devices, Configure the VLAN on Catalyst 2900XL, 3500XL, 2950, 2970, and 2940 Series Switches, Configure a Multi-VLAN Port on Catalyst 2900XL/3500XL, Configure the VLAN on Catalyst 3550, 3750, 4500/4000, and 6500/6000 Switches that Run Cisco IOS Software, How to Isolate the Communication Between Two VLANs, How to Configure Extended Range VLANs in a Catalyst 6500 Series Switch, Recover the vlan.dat File on Cisco IOS Switches, Failed to Configure VLAN from Startup-Config, Backup and Restore of vlan.dat on Cisco IOS Switches, VLAN Creation Fails with VLAN 1003 Parent VLAN Missing Error Message, Configuring InterVLAN Routing and ISL/802.1Q Trunking on a Catalyst 2900XL/3500XL/2950 Switch Using an External Router. Description:show interfacescounter indicates that the transmit jabber timer expired. Note: For fiber connections, make sure the transmit lead of one port is connected to the receive lead of the other port. The DHCP server accepts either method. Refer to theCatalyst Switch Cable Guide. First, create a network topology as in Step 1 in the Cisco Packet Tracer. Furthermore, if a host moves to a different IP subnet, it must use a different IP address than the one it previously used. Once you configure your Cisco switch, you can start managing your Cisco switch and maintain its versatility, power and performance. Lets start configuring LACP inSwitch-A. If the values do not match, the switch uses the configuration in the vlan.dat file. Configure the boot statement to boot the new image and save the configuration. Switch(config-if)#port monitor fastethernet 0/3 FastEthernet0/1 and FastEthernet0/3 are in different vlan. setup auto speed/duplex on one side and 100/Full-duplex on the other side is also a misconfiguration and can result in a duplex mismatch. ; Instructions for configuring Cisco routers The article In Cisco IOS, you can use theswitchport hostcommand to disable channeling and to enable spanning-tree portfast and theswitchport nonegotiatecommand to turn off DTP negotiation packets. If the VLANs are frequently in fast aging, check the reason for fast aging. This output only shows a summary of the packet and not the packet itself. The links between the switches are TRUNKS so we have to configure TRUNK in the LACP bundled port as well. If you configure VLANs 1006-1024, ensure that the VLANs do not extend to any switches that run Catalyst product family software. Issue the show flash: command in order to verify the creation of the vlan.dat file. For Cisco IOS, use theshow interfacescard-type {mod/port}trunkcommand to verify the trunking configuration and Native VLAN. Cisco switches can be used as plug-and-play devices out of the box but they also offer an enormous amount of features. This debug was intended for use with the IOS DHCP server feature and to troubleshoot the DHCP/BootP Relay Agent feature as well. Specifies the network hardware address type. The no switchport command makes the interface Layer 3 capable. If the switch is in VTP Server or Transparent mode, make any modifications to the VLAN database. Every network device in the VTP domain must use the same VTP version. 1000BASE-T and 1000BASE-X Port Cabling Specifications, Category 5 UTP Category 5e UTP Category 6 UTP, 722 ft (220 m) 902 ft (275 m) 1640 ft (500 m) 1804 ft (550 m), 1804 ft (550 m) 1804 ft (550 m) 1804 ft (550 m) 6.2 miles (10 km). Cisco-switch(config-if)# ip address 192.0.2.1 255.255.255.0, Cisco-switch(config-if)# ip helper-address 192.0.2.10, Cisco-switch(config-if)# ip helper-address 192.0.2.5, Cisco-switch(config-if)# ip address 192.168.33.1 255.255.255.0, Cisco-switch(config-if)# ip helper-address 192.0.33.5, Cisco-switch(config-if)# ip address 192.168.200.1 255.255.255.0, Cisco-switch(config-if)# ip helper-address 192.0.200.5, Cisco-switch(config-if)# ip address 192.168.60.1 255.255.255.0, Cisco-switch(config-if)# ip address 192.168.50.1 255.255.255.0. DHCP was originally defined in Requests for Comments (RFCs) 1531 and has since been obsoleted by RFC 2131. However, many DHCP problems can be caused by software defects in systems, Network Interface Card (NIC) drivers, or DHCP/BootP Relay Agents that run on routers. Share. When you troubleshoot any DHCP Issue,it is important to configure a static IP address on a client workstation in order to verify network connectivity. Once you have encapsulation dot1q on a subinterface, you can no longer use that VLAN in the system because the 6500 or 7600 internally allocates the VLAN and makes that sub interface its only member. If your network is live, ensure that you understand the potential impact of any command. By default, the IP helper-address forwards these UDP broadcasts: Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) (port 69), Boot Protocol (DHCP/BootP) client and server datagrams (ports 67 and 68), Terminal Access Control Access Control System (TACACS) service (port 49). FCS errors are the result of collisions at half-duplex, a duplex mismatch, bad hardware (NIC, cable, or port), or connected devices that generate frames that do not end with an octet and have a bad FCS. No VTP configuration is necessary. Note: In the case of Catalyst 3550 Switches, you can still use the interface without the addition of the interface to a VLAN. Because the server is run by a network administrator, DHCP clients can be reliably and dynamically configured with parameters appropriate to the current network architecture. Swap suspect cable with known good cable. TCNs and fast aging are fairly rare. If unicast flooding is enabled on that port, it can cause the port to shut down after a reboot. Therefore, it is not possible to determine if the packet is correct. In this scenario you have a Layer 3 FastEthernet port. The client sets the value to zero and the value increments if the request is forwarded across a router. The following diagram illustrates a sample of the Domain Name System hierarchy starting from the root ".". Switch# configure terminal Switch(config)# hostname S1 S1(config)# exit S1# Step 2: Secure access to the console line. Verify the VTP version that runs on a switch. The firewall is not blocking the switch-to-Policy Manager server communication. Solets create them with the following commands. From this output example, it is clear that the router actively receives the DHCP requests from the client. Is the DHCP client now able to obtain an IP address? I am sure they will be benefited from this website. Trunk links between a switch and a router can make the switchport go down. In case, you want us to help you with configuring your switch on Network Configuration Manager's console, you can contact NCM support. The Carri-Sen (carrier sense) counter increments every time an Ethernet controller wants to send data on a half-duplex connection. There are two different commands used to configure; one is for Microsoft DHCP clients, and the other is for non-Microsoft DHCP clients:DHCPclient-identifier(manual binding - Microsoft DHCP clients) andDHCPhardware-address(manual binding - non-Microsoft DHCP clients). Wheb ports or interlaces are shut down as a result of errdisable are referred to as causes in Cisco IOS. If you need to extend the current DHCP pool range, remove the current pool of addresses, and specify the new range of IP addresses under the DHCP pool. All rights reserved. If you have the output of the supported commands from your Cisco device, you can use Cisco CLI Analyzer to display potential issues and fixes. Configure the Wireless Network for QoS. You need to configure three access-lists, one for each VLAN. Duplex and Speed The number of failed buffers and the number of buffers swapped out.Common Causes:A port buffers the packets to the Tx buffer when the rate of traffic switched to the port is high and it cannot handle the amount of traffic. The physical switch ports runningLACP protocol can be either inactive or passive mode. Once you configure your Cisco switch, you can start managing your Cisco switch and maintain its versatility, power and performance. You just have to configure an IP helper-address that points to the DHCP/BootP server or to the subnet broadcast address of the network the server is on. If a conflict is detected, the address is removed from the pool. For Cisco IOS, on modular switches like the Cat6000, use the commandshow diagnostics. It will show you the steps required to : Configure Call Manager Express TM on a 2811 router, Use the various telephony devices; Setup dial peers; Connect Cisco TM IP phones as well as analogue phone on the network. In this article, we'll see how to configure a Cisco switch. After the port is removed from a VLAN that is not VLAN 1 (the default VLAN), that port is automatically added back to the default VLAN. Because a VLAN is considered a separate logical network. Theshow interfacescard-type {slot/port}counterscommand is used when you run Cisco IOS on the Supervisor. The most common reason for TCNs is client PCs connected directly to a switch. Step 1. Configure DHCP/BootP Relay Agent Feature on Cisco IOS Router. 4. This enables the remote device to start to transmit packets. The default configuration, service dhcp, does not appear in the configuration, and is the default configuration command. If the mismatch occurs between two Cisco devices with the Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) enabled, you see the CDP error messages on the console or in the logging buffer of both devices. 2900/3500XL only.The number of times that a port received a packet from the network, but the switch did not have the resources to receive it. Obtain Sniffer Trace and Determine Root Cause of DHCP Problem, Review the Decode Sniffer Trace of DHCP Client and Server on Same LAN SegmentandDecode Sniffer Trace of DHCP Client and Server Separated by Router Configured as a DHCP Relay Agentsections. The DHCPACK message contains the new lease and any new configuration parameters, in the event that any changes are made to the server during the time of the previous lease. Cisco 3600 and 4500/4700 series routers, or other members of the Cisco 2600 series routers, with FastEthernet interfaces, and any Catalyst Note: Issue the show vtp status command in order to check the VTP status on XL Series Switches. In this case, an orange light can indicate the normal functions of the STP. This area consists of the fiber core plus a small portion that covers the cladding. Broadcast storms can often be responsible for these events. The multi-VLAN port feature on Catalyst 2900XL/3500XL Switches allows you to configure a single port in two or more VLANs. The line protocol up message shows the data link layer status of the interface and says that the interface can send and receive keepalives. Note: Only registered Cisco users can access internal tools and information. This document describes how to troubleshoot several common issues with Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) in a Cisco Catalyst switch network. 192.0.2.10 refers to the Policy ManagerPolicy Manager server for the DHCP request in order for the device to be profiled. When you exit VLAN database mode, the configuration changes are applied. For example, a runt, giant, or an FCS-Err does not increment the rcv-err counter. A dribble bit error indicates that a frame is slightly too long.Common Causes:This frame error counter is incremented for informational purposes, since the switch accepts the frame. For clarity, you can add comments on the network topology. Once the frames enter the RP, they first need to be associated with an L3 Interface (SVI) IDB before they can be passed off to the snooping part. This counter is updated only when packets are process switched, not when packets are fast switched. When the lease of the bottom address expires, it is assigned to another client if it is requested. Note OnlyregisteredCisco clinents can access bug reports. Modifications to the VLAN database can be any of these: Modify the properties of any current VLAN. Les commandes suivantes ont t testes sur des switchs srie Catalyst 2950, 2960, 3750, 9200, 9200L et 6500. For management purposes, you can configure the Cisco Catalyst switches that run Cisco IOS software to return a custom string. This command displays what cards are present in the switch, the version of software they are that run, and what state the modules are in: ok, faulty, and so on. If an egress interface is over-subscribed, it is normal to see output buffer failures that increment along with Out-Discards. Catalyst 6500 Release 12.2SXF and Rebuilds Software Configuration Guide. These modules help troubleshoot and determine which device causes an issue. This document uses the term switch to refer to any of these platforms. This is because they are only detected in transmissions of packets longer than 64 bytes. The number of times one collision occurred before the interface transmitted a frame to the media successfully.Common Causes:Collisions are normal for interfaces configured as half-duplex but must not be seen on full duplex interfaces. Switch(config)#vtp domain mondomaine Switch(config)#interface range fastEthernet 1/0/1 - 10 Switch(config-if Switch(config-if)#port monitor fastethernet 0/3 FastEthernet0/1 and FastEthernet0/3 are in different vlan. 4. If stations are not able to talk to their primary servers when they connectthrough the switch, the problem can involve delays on the switch port when it tries to becomeactive after the physical layer link comes up. 3. This document is not restricted to specific software and hardware versions. Make sure your L3 addressing on the end device and on the router/ L3 switch is correctly configured. If the Cisco switch is not acting as the router (or does not have Layer-3 capability), the VLANs and interface commands must be passed to the router. Other possibilities include NIC card issues and switch port startup issues. Cisco Catalyst Switch. You must go to interface configuration mode for each of the interfaces that you want to add into the new VLAN. When a port receives a Symbol, it extracts the 8 bit data from the Symbol (10 bits). It will show you the steps required to : Configure Call Manager Express TM on a 2811 router, Use the various telephony devices; Setup dial peers; Connect Cisco TM IP phones as well as analogue phone on the network. The server-to-client communication with configuration parameters, along with committed network address. Description:sh interfacescounter. Refer toCisco Technical Tips Conventionsfor more information on document conventions. If the DHCP client is attached to a Cisco Catalyst switch, the problem is most likely due to a configuration issue that deals with STP portfast and/or channeling and trunking. The issue occurs when an excessive amount of traffic is processed by the Fast Ethernet interface. By default, all ports are Layer 3 ports. This DHCPREQUEST still has the source IP address as has 0.0.0.0 and the destination as the IP broadcast address 255.255.255.255. When you enable link negotiation, the system auto-negotiates flow control, duplex mode, and remote fault information. Up to 60% discount for Cisco Catalyst switches portfolio. Lets switch the server and client to rapid mode so you can see the difference: Lessons. actually i am beginner, but i never seen any explanation similar to this one and so simple to do it, so helpful. Description:show interfacescounter. The frames received that are smaller than the minimum IEEE 802.3 frame size of 64 bytes (which excludes frame bits but includes FCS octets) that are otherwise well formed.Common Causes:Check the device that sends out these frames. These drops are not obvious as they are dropped at the internal ASIC rather than the actual interfaces. A link light does not guarantee that the cable is fully functional. If the Catalyst switch configuration is correct, it is possible that a software compatibility issue can exist on the Catalyst switch or DHCP client NIC that could cause the DHCP issues. 6. Identifies the packet as a request or reply: 1=BOOTREQUEST, 2=BOOTREPLY. Description:show interfacescounter. A late collision occurs when two devices transmit at the same time, and neither side of the connection detects a collision. The reason for this occurrence is because the time to propagate the signal from one end of the network to another is longer than the time to put the entire packet on the network. The DHCP/BootP Relay Agent then either broadcasts or unicasts the DHCPOFFER on the local subnet on UDP port 68, which depends on the Broadcast flag set by the Bootp client. If the client IP address is 0.0.0.0, the DHCP server places the offered client IP address in this field. End with CNTL/Z. The router recognizes that this packet is a DHCP UDP broadcast. Even though the client has been offered an IP address, it sends the DHCPREQUEST message with a source IP address of 0.0.0.0. These six frames illustrate a scenario in which the DHCP client and server reside on the same physical or logical segment. Just type the do sh vlan command from configmod to see whether VLANs arecreated or not. On a Catalyst 4510R series switch, in order to enable both the 10-Gigabit Ethernet and the Gigabit Ethernet SFP uplink ports, there is an optional configuration. The following diagram illustrates a sample of the Domain Name System hierarchy starting from the root ".". If the Layer 2 VLAN is not created on the switch, SVI interfaces show as UP/DOWN in the show ip interface brief command output when the configuration is applied to the switch. For example, if you want to remove interface Fast Ethernet 0/2 from cisco_vlan_2 (VLAN 2), issue this set of commands in privileged mode: In order to delete the VLAN, issue the no vlan vlan_number command in VLAN database mode. WebCisco Switch Configuration for Policy Manager Integration. The reason for this error message is the receipt of a packet from the switch fabric, where the CRC value in the fabric header on that packet did not match the CRC value calculated by the Fabric Interface Controller (FIC) subblock of the Blackwater ASIC. Cisco recommends that you disable the unicast flooding because it also ensure that no flooding occurs on the port once the MAC address limit is reached. exit Note: For 2900/3500XL Series switches use theshow interfacescard-type {slot/port}command with theshow controllers Ethernet-controllercommand. Description:The number of times the receiver hardware was unable to hand received data to a hardware buffer.Common Cause:The input rate of traffic exceeded the ability of the receiver to handle the data. It is important to distinguish whether or not DHCP is functions correctly when the client is on same subnet or VLAN as the DHCP server. It will show you the steps required to : Configure Call Manager Express TM on a 2811 router, Use the various telephony devices; Setup dial peers; Connect Cisco TM IP phones as well as analogue phone on the network. Configure a hostname for the device! The client receives the DHCPOFFER and moves into the Selecting state. The result is the runt counter now increments inshow interfaces, along with the fragments counter inshow interfaces counters errorswhen a frame <64 bytes with a bad CRC is received.Cisco Catalyst 3750 Series SwitchesIn releases prior to Cisco IOS 12.1(19)EA1, when dot1q is used on the trunk interface on the Catalyst 3750, runts can be seen onshow interfacesoutput because valid dot1q encapsulated packets, which are 61 to 64 bytes and include the q-tag, are counted by the Catalyst 3750 as undersized frames, even though these packets are forwarded correctly. Switch(config)#, Step 3: Configure an administration password (enable secret password), Switch(config)#enable secret somestrongpass. For single-mode fiber-optic cable, 8.3 microns refers to the core diameter. Congestion can lead to packet loss. 8. Description:show interfacescounter. This document applies to Catalyst switches that run on Cisco IOS System Software. If a DHCP server does not exist on the local subnet, there must be a DHCP/BootP Relay Agent on this local subnet to forward the DHCPDISCOVER message to a subnet that contains a DHCP server. VLAN 1, VLAN 2 and VLAN 5 are Layer 3 VLANs. A VLAN is a switched network that is logically segmented by function, project team, or application, without regard to the physical locations of the users. A misconfiguration on a switch can cause the configuration updates of the VTP to fail. This only happens under stress conditions but can happen with bursts of traffic on several ports. The mode-conditioning patch cord prevents the over use of the receiver for short lengths of MMF and reduces differential mode delay for long lengths of MMF. The cable can have encountered physical stress that causes it to be functional at a marginal level. You can assign the multiple interfaces on a switch to a single VLAN. Improve this answer. This example configures a single community VLAN and configures switch port FastEthernet 1/2 as a member of that VLAN. For possible issues related to Field Notices, refer toField Noticesfor LAN and ATM Switches. It is important to match your sniffer trace to the traces in this example. The number of times the carrier was not present in the transmission.Common Causes:Check for a bad cable. Issue the reload command during a planned maintenance window. Create the new VLAN in the database. Try to find the offending device and remove it from the network. If you have a large amount of alignment errors, FCS errors, or late collisions, this can indicate one of these: A common issue with speed/duplex is when the duplex setup are mismatched between two switches, between a switch and a router or between the switch and a workstation or server. Every port in a Layer 2 switch belongs to a VLAN. When a client boots up for the first time, it is said to be in the Initializing state, and transmits a DHCPDISCOVER message on its local physical subnet over User Datagram Protocol (UDP) port 67 (BootP server). To configure parameters on a switch, you may be required to move between various configuration modes. 2012 - 2021 MustBeGeek. Excessive errors for certain counters usually indicate a problem. If the DHCP client is unable to obtain an IP address from the DHCP server on startup, you can manually force the client to send a DHCP request. You can move the device that hangs off this port to faster media. An example is given in Appendix A. When DHCP broadcasts are forwarded to the DHCP server subnet broadcast address a software issue can arise. As an example, consider a scenario where a 1gig multicast stream is forwarded to 24 100 Mbps ports. Above output shows, Port-Channel Po1 has been created, the protocol is LACP and ports Fa0/1 and Fa0/2 are member of thePort-Channel 1 interface. In order to remedy this situation, use theip dhcp limited-broadcast-addresscommand to ensure that a configured network broadcast does not override the default DHCP behavior. You have to manually re-enable the port or interface to take it out the errdisable state unless you configure an errdisable recovery option. The router now acts as a DHCP/BootP Relay Agent and fill in the Gateway IP address field with the incoming interface IP address, change the source IP address to an incoming interface IP address, and forward the request directly to the DHCP server. Refer toConfiguring and Troubleshooting Ethernet 10/100/1000 MB Half/Full Duplex Auto-Negotiationfor details on how to resolve speed/duplex and auto-negotiation issues. You can create VLANs in either VLAN database mode or global configuration mode. This indicates that a corruption of the packet occurred within transfer, and Blackwater received the corrupted packet. Follow The DHCP server has received the DHCPDISCOVER and sends a DHCPOFFER to the DHCP Relay Agent. 2022 Cisco and/or its affiliates. It is usually easier to upgrade the software than it is to upgrade hardware. In order to resolve this issue, Cisco has developed the PortFast feature for host ports. Unless you add the port back in another VLAN, the port is neither displayed or usable. Use theshow mac address-table dynamiccommand or substitute theinterfacekeyword. View with Adobe Reader on a variety of devices, View in various apps on iPhone, iPad, Android, Sony Reader, or Windows Phone, View on Kindle device or Kindle app on multiple devices, Check the Cable and Both Sides of the Connection, Ethernet and Fast Ethernet Maximum Transmission Distances, Troubleshoot the Most Common Port and Interface Commands for Cisco IOS, Understand the Specific Port and Interface Counter Output for Cisco IOS, Show Controller Ethernet-Controller for Cisco IOS, %INTR_MGR-DFC1-3-INTR: Queueing Engine (Blackwater) [1]: FIC Fabric-A Received Unexpected Control Code, Command Rejected: [Interface] not a Switching Port, Port or Interface Status is Disable or Shutdown, Uplink Port or Interface Status is Inactive, Deferred Counter on the Catalyst Switch Interface Increments, Intermittent Failure to set timer [value] from vlan [vlan no], Use of Switchport Host to Fix Startup Delays, Speed/Duplex, auto-negotiation, or NIC Issues, Deferred Frames (Out-Lost or Out-Discard), Input Errors on a Layer 3 Interface Connected to a Layer 2 Switchport, Rapidly Increment Rx-No-Pkt-Buff Counter and Input Errors, Connectivity Issues due to Oversubscription, Last Input Never from the Output of Show interface Command, Mode-Conditioning Patch Cord Installation Note, Configuring and Troubleshooting Ethernet 10/100/1000 MB Half/Full Duplex Auto-Negotiation, Most Common Port and Interface Troubleshooting Commands for Cisco IOS, Recover Errdisable Port State on Cisco IOS Platforms, Understanding and Configuring VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP), Configuring Jumbo/Giant Frame Support on Catalyst Switches, Using Portfast and Other Commands to Fix Workstation Startup Connectivity Delays, Troubleshooting Cisco Catalyst Switches to NIC Compatibility Issues, Spanning-Tree Protocol Enhancements using Loop Guard and BPDU Skew Detection Features, Understand and Configure the Unidirectional Link Detection Protocol (UDLD) Feature, Using PortFast and Other Commands to Fix Workstation Startup Connectivity Delays, Configuring and Troubleshooting Ethernet 10/100/1000Mb Half/Full Duplex Auto-Negotiation, Upgrade Software Images and Working with Configuration Files on Catalyst Switches, Technical Support & Documentation - Cisco Systems. It is always down if the Line status is down. Cisco Systems introduced the Nexus Series of switches on January 28, 2008. The VTP updates are only exchanged between switches in the same VTP domain. CDP is useful to detect errors, as well as port and system statistics on nearby Cisco devices. if the Line status is up,a protocol status of down usually is caused by mismatched data link layer configuration For an example serial interfaces has their combination when one router has configured to use PPP(Point_to_Point Protocol) and other remains the default HDLC 6. The switch starts up normally and displays the Hostname> prompt or the default Switch> prompt. When the DHCP request is received by the router interface, it forwards it to the DHCP server (when IP helper-address is configured) with a source address of the primary IP configured on the interface to let the DHCP server know which IP pool it must use (for the client) in the DHCP reply packet. If a packet is sent from any other port, in the same VLAN as port 0/2, the packet is dropped. How to Enable PortFast. In this method, we add each interface one by one, but youcan use Interface range command to add a group of ports to a VLAN. Note: This document assumes that you have basic connectivity to the switch, either through the console or through Telnet access. How to Fix no healthy upstream vCenter 7 Issue? The IEEE ethernet specification forbids this bit to be set in any Ethernet frame. For more information refer toErrdisable Port State Recovery on the Cisco IOS Platforms, which describe the errdisable state, explain how to recover from it, and provide examples of recovery from this state. The number of valid size frames with Frame Check Sequence (FCS) errors but no frame errors. The command show diagnostic was introduced in 12.1(11b)E for the Catalyst 6000 series and show diagnostics (with an s ) was introduced in for Catalyst 4000 Series. In your configs, many description entries say that both switches go to the same remote switch on the same port: interface FastEthernet0/15 description " Connected to Switch 1/2 Port g1 3,5 " switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport trunk allowed vlan 3,5,32 switchport mode trunk This is on both switches. VTP version 1 and VTP version 2 are not interoperable on the network devices in the same VTP domain. The DHCP server can use this information to assign IP addresses, perform access control, and set quality of service (QoS) and security policies (or other parameter-assignment policies) for each subscriber of a service-provider network. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Link Aggregation or Ether Channel is a technology which allows for two or more physical ports to combine into one logical portproviding high availability and increased bandwidth. The client receives the DHCPACK and, optionally, performs a final check on the parameters. Cisco recommends a switch upgrade through console access. Now, to configure the EtherChannel interface as TRUNK port type following commands as shown below. This total includes only those frames that are subsequently transmitted without error and not affected bycollisions. When you power up or down the PC, the switch port changes state, and the switch starts the TCN process. VLAN traffic on the multi-VLAN port is not encapsulated as it is in trunking. For the 2900XL/3500XL/2950/3550 switches, STP portfast is the only required configuration. On bootup, the switch compares the VTP domain name and VTP mode in the startup configuration file and the vlan.dat file. This is how to configure VLAN on Cisco Switch or Virtual LAN on Cisco Switches in your network. The client then moves to the Initializing state and sends a DHCPDISCOVER message. In order for the SVI to be fully active, which means that it is administratively up, and line protocol is up, make sure to have at least one port as a member of that VLAN, with an active device connected to the port. The typical default LT is 72 hours. Configure LACP EtherChannel in Cisco IOS Switch. The command to assign an interface to a VLAN is switchport access vlan vlan_number . In the event an error is received, verify the following: a. B. Configure the Client Workstation and Static IP to Test Network Connectivity. Get quote for C9200 | C9300 C9400 | C9500 | WebThis example helps you to configure DHCPv6 Stateful on your Cisco IOS Router. Connections for transmit-to-transmit and receive-to-receive do not work. The rcv-err counter on a 5K only increments as a result of excessive traffic. For more documentation about the necessary switch port configuration requirements for DHCP to operate properly when connected to Catalyst switches, refer toUsing Portfast and Other Commands to Fix Workstation Startup Connectivity Delays. Run the following command to enable 802.1x: Cisco-switch(config)# dot1x system-auth-control. The DHCPACK message has a source IP address of the DHCP server, and the destination address is once again a broadcast and contains all the parameters that the client requested in the DHCPREQUEST message. This document provides sample configurations on InterSwitch Link (ISL) and 802.1Q trunking between a Catalyst 3512-XL switch and a Cisco 2600 router; the results of each command are displayed as they are executed. For example, if you want to delete cisco_vlan_2 from the switch, issue this set of commands in privileged mode: Notice that port Fast Ethernet 0/3 is not displayed in the show vlan command output. Use Fa1/0/24, which is the 24th copper port on the Cisco 3750 switch. Duplex mismatch is a situation where the switch operates at full-duplex and the connected device operates at half-duplex, or vice versa. No destination unicast are the number of unicast packets that the port did not forward to any other ports. In switches that support both L3 interfaces and L2 switchport, the message"Command rejected: [interface] not a switching port"displays when you try to enter a command related to layer 2 on a port that is configured as a layer 3 interface. After the client receives a DHCPOFFER, it responds with a DHCPREQUEST message, and indicates its intent to accept the parameters in the DHCPOFFER, and moves into the Requesting state. Common Causes:Collisions are normal for interfaces configured as half-duplex but must not be seen on full duplex interfaces. Platform Exceptions:Catalyst Cat4000 Series that run Cisco IOSPrevious to software Version 12.1(19)EW, the giants counter incremented for a frame > 1518bytes. Configure the Wireless Network for QoS. wow it is nice explanation to understand, thanks a lot, helpful! Do not disable auto-negotiation between switches unless absolutely required to do so, as physical layer problems can go undetected, which results in STP loops. The port moves to the STP forwarding state and creates a loop. If you do not explicitly define a native VLAN, VLAN 1 becomes the native VLAN by default. Use this command on all interfaces that are connected to the local subnets containing DHCP clients. Theshow interfaces counters errorscommand is used in Cisco IOS to display the output of the interface errors only. Any additional configuration options that the client requires are included in the options field of the DHCPREQUEST message. R1(config)# ip cef R1(config)# exit R1# monitor capture point ip cef CPoint-FE0 FastEthernet 0 both *May 25 14:54:40.383: %BUFCAP-6-CREATE: Capture Point CPoint-FE0 created. A count of frames for which transmission on a particular interface fails due to excessive collisions. Because of this, the ip bootp server command needs to be enabled in these routers if the ip helper-address command is configured to forward DHCP UDP broadcasts and properly act as a DHCP relay agent on behalf of the DHCP client. The number of received packets ignored by the interface because the interface hardware ran low on internal buffers. This commanda display the 32-bit and 64-bit error counters per port or interface. Figure 2 shows a router connected to a switch with the FastEthernet 0/0 interface connected to a trunk port on a switch. The difference depends on the model of your switch. This example of theshow run interfacecommand shows the unknown protocol drops on the GigabitEthernet 0/1 interface. Multiple IP helper-address entries on a single interface are supported as well: Cisco routers do not support load balancing of DHCP servers that are configured as DHCP Relay Agents. Description:show interfacescounter. Configure the Wired Network for QoS. The use of this feature can help you identify difficult to find unidirectional link problems. For information in regard to the recovery from corrupted images, choose your platform Switch and look at the Troubleshootsection. The designated port transmits BPDUs, and the non-designated port receives BPDUs. Last clearing of"show interface" counters - The last time the clear counters command was issued since the last time the switch was rebooted. The number of packets received incorrectly that has a CRC error and a non-integer number of octets (alignment error). It displays the rommon> prompt. This example configuration enables the use of RSA keys with SSHv2 on a Cisco IOS device:!! If you have device A connected to device B over a Gigabit link, and the link does not come up, perform this procedure. In this scenario you have a Layer 3 FastEthernet port. Configure PAgP EtherChannel in Cisco IOS Switch, Configure VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) in Cisco IOS Switch, Understanding VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) in Cisco Switch, Understanding how MPLS Works in Cisco IOS Router, Redistribute OSPF Route into BGP in Cisco IOS Router, Install Exchange 2019 in Windows Server 2019, Steps to Configure IP Address and Hostname in vSphere ESXi 7, How to Move Documents Folder in Windows 10, Configure External and Internal URL in Exchange 2016, Configure External and Internal URL in Exchange 2013, Cutover Migration from Exchange 2016 to Office 365 (Part 2). show running-config The native VLAN is the VLAN that is used if the interface is to become a Layer 2 interface. Use theshow interfacescard-type {slot/port}switchportcommand along withshow vlanto verify. Common Causes: This error can indicate a duplex mismatch among other things. The client identifies the lease to be released by the use of theclient identifierfield and network address in the DHCPRELEASE message. Wire Gigabit port one to Gigabit port two. Common Causes:Broadcast storms and bursts of noise can cause the ignored count to be increased. Also, use a sniffer program to analyze packets that come in and out of the router fast Ethernet interface. The show vtp status command shows the VTP information in the switch. To configure the Cisco switch: 1. The diagram below shows a simple scenariowithtwo Cisco switches, Switch-A and Switch-B. This is an indication of a bad frame generated by the connected device. Warning: Category 5e and Category 6 cables can store high levels of static electricity because of the dielectric properties of the materials used in their construction. The show interface command displays the administrative and operational status of a switchport, input and output packets, buffer failures, errors, and so on. Cisco Catalyst Switch. A mismatch in native VLANs can cause inter-VLAN routing issues, among other problems. The client retransmits the DHCPREQUEST at least four times within 60 seconds before it restarts the Initializing state. Cisco-switch(config-if)# switchport mode access, Cisco-switch(config-if)# authentication order dot1x mab, Cisco-switch(config-if)# authentication priority dot1x mab, Cisco-switch(config-if)# authentication port-control auto, Cisco-switch(config-if)# authentication periodic, Cisco-switch(config-if)# authentication timer reauthenticate server. Switch(config)#interface FastEthernet 0/1 Switch(config-if)#no switchport Switch(config-if)#ip address 200.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 Switch(config-if)#no shutdown. In this step, configure an access-list to debug output. ; Instructions for configuring Cisco routers The article This kind of source routing is only defined for Token Ring and FDDI. However, debugs do allow inferences to be made with regards to DHCP processing. This increments when the CRC generated by theLAN station or far-end device that originates the traffic does not match the checksum calculated from the data received.Common Causes:This usually indicates noise or transmission problems on the LAN interface or the LAN itself. The router can also drop all IP packets that have a multicast IP destination at the interface. If you turn the trunking mode to on (as opposed to auto or desirable) for one port and the other port has the trunking mode set to off, they are not able to communicate. This time, use Fa0/4 as a destination SPAN port: Switch(config-if)#interface fastethernet 0/4 Switch(config-if)#port monitor fastethernet 0/3 Now, we will add the IP address of the serial se2/0 and its subnet mask. At the address assignment, the DHCP checks for conflicts with ping and gratuitous ARP. ip default-gateway IP-address Issue the exit command in order to exit out of VLAN database mode. For Cisco IOS on 2900/3500XL, 2950/2955, 3550, 2970 and 3750 series switches, theshow controllers Ethernet-controllercommand displays discarded frames, deferred frames, alignment errors, collisions, and so on. Course Contents. A common cause for this issue is a VTP version mismatch between the switches in a VTP domain. In order to finish the configuration, configure another session. In order to troubleshoot auto-negotiation problems it is often recommended to try and hardcodeboth sides. Its very useful configuration many thanks. on configure VTP en mode transparent. The DHCP process fails if the router does not receive requests from the client. MTU - The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) is 1500 bytes for Ethernet by default (for the max data portion of the frame). Before you configure QoS on WLCs, you must configure the WLC for basic operation and register the LAPs to the WLC. The total number of frames whose transmission attempt is abandoned due to insufficient resources. Ensure that the device (Switch or Router) is in Transparent mode when you create extended range VLANs. This message indicates that the VLAN software failed to use the VLAN configuration from the startup configuration file. Knowledge of the DHCP client OS as well as specific NIC information such as the manufacturer, model, and driver version is needed to properly rule out any compatibility issues. This can be a sign that this segment is run at an inferior speed and/or duplex, or there is too much traffic that goes through this port. As a result, our Cisco switch will learn the MAC address of H1 and H2 on its FastEthernet 0/1 interface. If the switch overwhelms the Ethernet interface, check the speed and duplex setup. The information in this document was created from the devices in a specific lab environment. If the selected server is unable to satisfy the DHCPREQUEST message, the DHCP server responds with a DHCPNAK message. In order to make the interface usable, you must ensure that it belongs to some VLAN. You cannot make any changes in the order DHCP addresses are assigned. How to Create and Configure VLANs on Cisco Switch with Packet Tracer. configure terminal If the vlan.dat file is deleted accidently and the switch gets reloaded, all the VLANs that were available on the switch are lost. To configure physical Layer 3 interfaces, perform this task: This example shows how to configure an IP address on Fast Ethernet interface 2/1: Switch# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. Hardcode both ends of the link to full duplex so that the negotiation mismatch can be avoided. For example, if the port is 10 Mbps, move this device to a 100 Mbps or Gigabit port. Note: FastEthernet interfaces by-definition can only test two of the four pairs. As you can see above, Po1 is trunking with 802.1q protocol. This document describes how to determine why a port or interface experiences problems. If the port is in a VLAN by itself, and no other ports on the switch belong to that VLAN, all inbound packets are dropped and the counter increments. 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